Hydraulic fracturing 101, society of petroleum engineers, 2012 ku. Hydraulic fracturing is an oil and gas production technique used in tight geologic formations that involves horizontal directional drilling of wells as well as the use of water, sand and chemicals. Hydraulic fracturing 101 december 89, 2014 houston, tx 3 agenda monday, december 8, 2014 8. Though implementation of hydraulic fracturing techniques has brought. Hydraulic fracturing regulations in united states vermont journal. According to the department of energy doe, by 20 at least two million oil and gas wells in the us had been hydraulically fractured, and that of new wells being drilled, up to 95% are hydraulically fractured. Oklahoma leads the way in regulating and monitoring the practice of hydraulic fracturing. Hydraulic fracturing and horizontal drilling have created new domestic energy frontiers and made the united states a net energy exporter for the first time in more than 60 years.
It has made the united states an energy exporting country once again and kept the price of gasoline low, for consumers and companies. Although it can happen naturally, it is now used as a method to force oil and natural gas from shale history and method. But it isnt, and so we did first using the process in 1947. Fracking 101 csg knowledge center council of state. The first fixed offshore platform in greater than 1,000foot water depth cognac well was built in 1978, while the worlds deepest oil and gas project at around 9,500foot water depth stones well was built in 2016. Many of the chemical additives used in hydraulic fracturing are found around your house. Fracking, or hydraulic fracturing, is forcing fractures in a rock layer, by fluid that is put under pressure. The preparation, execution and evaluation of hydraulic fracturing operations is discussed. Tutuncu closed with a few comments about the progress in offshore deepwater technology. Hydraulic fracturing in the united states began in 1949. Fracking 101 hydraulic fracturing, or fracking is a process in which dangerous chemicals, mixed with enormous amounts of water, polymers and sand, are injected thousands of feet underground at pressures high enough to cause seismic explosions and create and prop open fissures in the sediment. The first fracturing experiment was in 1947 and the process was accepted as commercial by 1950. Jul 05, 2012 hydraulic fracturing is performed after a well is drilled and involves injecting large volumes of water, sand or propping agents and specialized chemicals under high pressure to fracture the formations holding the oil or natural gas. The instructor will discuss indepth the various processes, requirements, and issues surrounding hydraulic fracturing.
An uptodate description of current and new hydraulic fracturing. The process involves the highpressure injection of fracking fluid primarily water, containing sand or other proppants suspended with the aid of thickening agents into a wellbore to create cracks in. Hydraulic fracturing myths and maneuvers presented by cindy bishopsociety of texas environmental professionals meeting january 10, 2012 1 2. Although the process has been used for decades to stimulate production from declining wells, new technological advancements have rapidly accelerated the development of. Current technology equipment evolutionary well services equipment. Hydraulic fracturing has been used in the oil and natural gas industry since the 1940s, producing more than 700 trillion cubic feet of natural gas and 15 billion barrels of oil since the practice began.
It presents the facts as they are currently available and understood. These technologies enable greater access to oil and natural gas in shale formations. Ppt hydraulic fracturing powerpoint presentation free. Explain what hydraulic fracturing is and how it might ease concerns about the worlds natural gas supply list some environmental concerns regarding the use of hydraulic fracturing to unlock this. Fracturing in unconventional reservoirs shales is also discussed. This page is meant to raise awareness of issues concerning hydraulic fracturing.
Regulation of hydraulic fracturing has been carried out for decades under existing federal. Unconventional oil and natural gas play a key role in our nations clean energy future. Hydraulic fracturing has upended the global energy landscape and made fossil fuels big business in the united states. Fundamentals and advancements is available in print, adobe digital edition, adobe digital edition rental, print and adobe digital edition set, and amazon kindle and apple ibook formats. Study of the potential impacts of hydraulic fracturing on. Hydraulic fracturing also called fracking, fracing, hydrofracking, fraccing, fracing, and hydrofracturing is a well stimulation technique in which rock is fractured by a pressurized liquid. Drill the well o vertical till the shale is reached and then horizontal lateral. What every representative, environmentalist, regulator, reporter, investor, university researcher, neighbor and engineer should know about estimating frac risk and improving frac performance in unconventional gas. This list shows how they are used by the hydraulic fracturing process. A beginners guide to hydraulic fracturing download full ebook. Seismic activity microseismic activity induced by hydraulic fracturing is planned and managed. As for what fracking means to the united states the answers are security, economic growth and jobs, jobs, jobs. At the end of the course, participants will understand the purpose of this type of well completion, the specifics of its design and evaluation and will be able to discuss with service.
Hydraulic fracturing enhanced by water pressure blasting. This is particularly true for tight sands, shales and coalbed methane formations. Hydraulic fracturing treatments can efficiently enhance the well production performance in lowpermeability reservoirs because of the improvement of. Developing energy from shale is an advanced process that uses the latest drilling technologies and equipment. Spe 152596, society of petroleum engineers hydraulic fracturing. Pdf technological innovations in hydraulic fracturing combined with advanced. While the public is generally aware of the use of hydraulic fracturing for unconventional resource development onshore, it is less familiar with the well completion and stimulation technologies used in offshore operations, including hydraulic fracturing, gravel packs, fracpacks, and acid stimulation. Management this is an excerpt from spe 152596 the use of horizontal wells and hydraulic fracturing is so effective that it has been called disruptive. Indiana oil and gas operators continue to utilize hydraulic fracturing to complete wells when they believe the method will increase the productivity of a well. While the technique has been used for more than 60 years, its wider application with horizontal drilling since the mid. Fracturing fluids can enter a fresh groundwater zone if there is sufficient bottom hole pressure to raise the fluid level from the fractured zone to the fresh groundwater zone, and there is a conduit through which the fluid can flow such as an open annulus between the casing and the formation.
Current technology hydraulic fracturing site michigan department of environmental quality website 16. Hydraulic fracturing 101 alaska oil and gas association. Geologic formations may contain large quantities of oil or gas, but have a poor flow rate due to low permeability, or from damage or clogging of the formation during drilling. Hydraulic fracturing best management practices hydraulic. This course is designed to give an overview of how fracturing works, the terminology used, and the processes that are incorporated into hydraulic fracturing.
That is, it threatens the profitability and continued development of other energy sources, such as wind and solar, because it is much less expensive and far more reliable. Ppt hydraulic fracturing powerpoint presentation free to. Progress reportsystematic problem is indicated, and method modification is undertaken to help reduce oreliminate the problem. The furor over fracturing and frac waste disposal was largely driven by lack of chemical disclosure and the pre2008 laws of some states. Ews demonstration hydraulic fracturing site f lethbridge, alberta a b c e d g h i a i a frac pump modules b blender c mobile data van d chem addition mod e. Hydraulic fracturing has become a hot environmental discussion topic and a target of media articles and university studies during development of gas shales near populated areas. Abstract highvolume hydraulic fracturing hvhf gasdrilling operations in the marcellus play have raised environmental concerns, including the risk of groundwater contamination. The process involves the highpressure injection of fracking fluid primarily water, containing sand or other proppants suspended with the aid of. Exemptions from major federal environmental laws for the oil and gas.
Fracking 101 by brydon ross, director of energy and environmental policy as the use of hydraulic fracturingor frackinghas grown, and as the practice has become more controversial, states have taken action in three primary ways. Fracking 101 citizens coalition for a safe community. Hydraulic fracturing 101 if finding and producing energy in america were as easy as jed clampett and his rifle made it look in the opening credits of the beverly hillbillies, we probably wouldnt have needed to pioneer a well stimulation technology known as hydraulic fracturing. Federal policy and regulation of hydraulic fracturing i. An overview of hydraulic fracturing and other formation stimulation. The first horizontal well was in the 1930s and horizontal wells were common by the late 1970s. Fundamentals and advancements by downloading the pdf below. However, not every well is completed using this method. Hydraulic fracturing, or fracking, is the process of drilling and injecting fluid into the ground at a high pressure in order to break or fracture the shale rocks to release natural gas inside. The method modification process can take many forms, depending on the specific circumstances,and may include changing sample. In december 2009, a wastewater pit overflowed at atlas resources cowden 17 gas well, and an unknown quantity of hydraulic fracturing fluid wastes entered dunkle run, a high quality watershed.
Hydraulic fracturing download ebook pdf, epub, tuebl, mobi. A beginners guide to hydraulic fracturing george, eric, george, jacqueline on. Nov 24, 20 fracking model wemphasis on seismic activity associated wfracking. They are most effective when incorporated during the early stages of a development project. Hydraulic fracturing best management practices free download as powerpoint presentation. Tingay, 2003 and they can unintentionally be caused by the injection of waste water at high enough rates to generate pore pressures which exceed the pressure required for hydraulic fracturing e. Hydraulic fracturing basics american geosciences institute.
Hydraulic fracturing or fracking has been a source of both achievement and controversy for years, and it continues to be a hotbutton issue all over the world. In combination with horizontal drilling and other technological advances, hydraulic fracturing has allowed for the extraction of large, previously inaccessible reserves of gas such as shale gas and tight gas and oil in the united states. Issues range from environmental issues to safety hazards of society. The report provides key statistics on the market status of the hydraulic fracturing chemicals. The course overviews the complete hydraulic fracturing process. Hydraulic fracturing 101 course july 2018 in denver. Fingerprinting water impacted by gasdrilling operations is not trivial given other potential sources of contamination. Click download or read online button to get hydraulic fracturing book now. Can we ever stop using fossil fuels for energy needs. That is, it threatens the profitability and continued development of other energy sources, such as wind and solar, because it. Unlocking americas natural gas resources august 2017. Hydraulic fractures can be also be stimulated unintentionally for example as an underground blowout e. The operations and environmental consequences of hydraulic fracturing.
Pdf hydraulic fracturing for oil and gas and its environmental. The furor over fracturing and frac waste disposal was largely driven by lack of chemical disclosure and. Hydraulic fracturing fracking procedures issues and benefits. Fracturing can be traced to the 1860s, when liquid nitroglycerin ng was used to stimulate shallow, hard rock wells in pennsylvania, new york, kentucky, and west. Unconventional oil and natural gas development us epa. If finding and producing energy in america were as easy as jed clampett and his rifle made it look in the opening credits of the beverly hillbillies, we probably wouldnt have needed to pioneer a well stimulation technology known as hydraulic fracturing. This 5day classroom course is an introduction to fracturing completions. Hydraulic fracturing is a controlled process that injects pressurized fluids into the geological formations where natural gas is locked in dense rock, such as shale. Hydraulic fracturing in the united states wikipedia. Fracking simple english wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Mounting evidence shows that it poses serious threats to our health.
The output from these wells makes up 43% of the oil production and 67% of the natural gas production in the united states. Although it can happen naturally, it is now used as a method to force oil and natural gas from shale. Watch in 360 the inside of a nuclear reactor from the size of an atom with virtual reality duration. Study of the potential impacts of hydraulic fracturing december 2012on drinking water resources. The handbook of hydraulic fracturings main goal is to alleviate much of the confusion that exists in regards to hydraulic fracturing. Hydraulic fracturing presentation linkedin slideshare. On the other hand, it has been potentially a dangerous and destructive practice that has led to. As the use of hydraulic fracturingor frackinghas grown, and as the practice has become more controversial, states have taken action in. Introduction to fracturing hydraulic fracturing and horizontal wells are not new tools for the oil and gas industry. This site is like a library, use search box in the widget to get ebook that you want. Hydraulic fracturing chemicals industry, 2018 market research report the hydraulic fracturing chemicals industry, 202023 market research report is a professional and indepth study on the current state of the global hydraulic fracturing chemicals industry with a focus on the chinese market. Hydraulic fracturing of tight oil and shale gas deposits has the potential to alter the geography of energy production in the us.
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